The ecological and evolut... (2024)
by Bram Vanschoenwinkel
Broadly speaking, inselbergs are elevated rock outcrops embedded in a lowland habitat matrix. Sometimes the matrix itself may occur at some elevation such as the campos de altitude in Brazil. They have a summit area and flanks that can be barren or vegetated. Typically, a lateral fringe or apron of vegetation is present that extends some distance from the rock into the landscape matrix. Navigating through the intricate and sometimes conflicting nomenclature used to describe different types of rocky outcrops can be challenging. Geomorphologists have coined several different names. Bornhardts or sugarloaves are isolated, steep-sided, dome-shaped outcrops commonly formed in granites and gneisses. They are the archetypical inselbergs and many authors tend to reserve the name inselberg for this specific type only. The South African term koppies or kopjes refers to large accumulations of boulders and rocks forming hills. Among these, castle or castellated koppies have vertical sides covered with large angular blocks, while nubbins are smaller conical hills composed of large blocks and boulders.🏁
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Broadly speaking, inselbergs are elevated rock outcrops embedded in a lowland habitat matrix. Sometimes the matrix itself may occur at some elevation such as the campos de altitude in Brazil. They have a summit area and flanks that can be barren or vegetated. Typically, a lateral fringe or apron of vegetation is present that extends some distance from the rock into the landscape matrix. Navigating through the intricate and sometimes conflicting nomenclature used to describe different types of rocky outcrops can be challenging. Geomorphologists have coined several different names. Bornhardts or sugarloaves are isolated, steep-sided, dome-shaped outcrops commonly formed in granites and gneisses. They are the archetypical inselbergs and many authors tend to reserve the name inselberg for this specific type only. The South African term koppies or kopjes refers to large accumulations of boulders and rocks forming hills. Among these, castle or castellated koppies have vertical sides covered with large angular blocks, while nubbins are smaller conical hills composed of large blocks and boulders.🏁